Lesson 1.4 Number Bonds to 5

Steps

1. Warm-up

   Do this: Ask these out loud. Your child answers out loud; no paper needed.

   • Ask: “What number comes just after 3?” Listen for: 4
   • Ask: “What number comes just after 2?” Listen for: 3
   • Ask: “What number comes just after 4?” Listen for: 5
   • Ask: “What number comes just after 1?” Listen for: 2
   • Ask: “What number comes just after 5?” Listen for: 6
2. Teach the new idea

   Say this: “Five can be made in different ways: 5 and 0, 4 and 1, 3 and 2.”

   Say this: “If we know the whole and one part, we can find the other part.”

   Say this: “Number bond: a picture that shows a whole and its two parts.”

   Say this: “Part: one piece of a whole.”

3. Show how

   Show: Number bond: 5 is 4 and ___.

   

   Say this: “4 + ___ = 5”

   Say this: “4 + 1 = 5”

   Answer: 1

   Show: Ruth gleaned 2 bundles of barley one day and 3 the next. How many bundles did she glean?

   

   Say this: “Unknown: the total.”

   Say this: “Bar model: two parts, 2 and 3; the whole is unknown.”

   Say this: “Equation: 2 + 3 = ?”

   Say this: “2 + 3 = 5”

   Say this: “Answer: Ruth gleaned 5 bundles.”

   Answer: 5 bundles. Ruth gleaned 5 bundles.

4. Practice together

   Do this: Your child does these with you. Let them try first; help only after a real try.

   Ask: Number bond: 4 is 1 and ___.

   

   Listen for: 3

   If stuck: 1 + ___ = 4

   Ask: Number bond: 3 is 2 and ___.

   

   Listen for: 1

   If stuck: 2 + ___ = 3

   Ask: Number bond: 4 is 3 and ___.

   

   Listen for: 1

   If stuck: 3 + ___ = 4

   7 more practice items on the lesson page, and on Worksheet A and Worksheet B.

5. Watch for
   • Forgetting 5 and 0. Zero is a part too.
6. Game: Bean Count

   Put out 1 to 5 dried beans. Your child closes their eyes while you take some away, then says how many are left and how many you took. Swap roles.

7. Narration

   Say this: “Tell me what you learned today. Show me with your hands or the counters if you like.”

   Listen for: Split 5 into two parts.; Find the missing part.

8. Daily habit

   Count aloud from 1 to 10 and back from 10 to 1 every day, touching your fingers as you go.

Spread over the week

5 sessions of 15–20 minutes. Stop while it is still going well.

1. Session 1. Warm-up, then teach the new idea (steps 1 and 2).
2. Session 2. Warm-up again, then show how with the examples.
3. Session 3. Practice together, then play the game.
4. Session 4. More practice on the worksheet, and the daily habit.
5. Session 5. Quick check: narration and a few practice items. Move on when it is mostly right.