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Parent guide · Kindergarten Math · Unit 5

Lesson 5.4 Fact Families to 5

Written for the parent. Read the Say this lines aloud as they are, or in your own words. Answers for you are marked Listen for.

At a glance

Time
5 sessions of 15–20 minutes
Goal
See how adding and subtracting go together. Write a fact family.
You need
  • Counters (dried beans, buttons or pebbles)
  • A few cups
  • Pencil and crayons
Print
Worksheet A · Worksheet B · the lesson page

Steps

  1. Do this: Ask these out loud. Your child answers out loud; no paper needed.

    • Ask: “5 − 0” Listen for: 5
    • Ask: “6 − 3” Listen for: 3
    • Ask: “2 − 2” Listen for: 0
    • Ask: “4 − 1” Listen for: 3
    • Ask: “4 − 3” Listen for: 1

  2. Say this: “The numbers 2, 3 and 5 make a family: 2 + 3 = 5, 3 + 2 = 5, 5 − 2 = 3, 5 − 3 = 2.”

    Say this: “If you know an addition fact, you know two subtraction facts.”

    Say this: “Fact family: facts that use the same three numbers.”

  3. Show: 5 − 0 = ___

    Say this: “5 − 0 = 5”

    Say this: “Check: 5 + 0 = 5”

    Answer: 5

    Show: Write the fact family for 1, 2 and 3.

    Say this: “1 + 2 = 3”

    Say this: “2 + 1 = 3”

    Say this: “3 − 1 = 2”

    Say this: “3 − 2 = 1”

    Answer: 1 + 2 = 3; 2 + 1 = 3; 3 − 1 = 2; 3 − 2 = 1

  4. Do this: Your child does these with you. Let them try first; help only after a real try.

    Ask: 1 + 3 = ___

    Listen for: 4

    If stuck: Start with the bigger number, 3, and count on 1: 4.

    Ask: 2 + 2 = ___

    Listen for: 4

    If stuck: This is a double: 2 + 2 = 4

    Ask: 2 + 3 = ___

    Listen for: 5

    If stuck: Start with the bigger number, 3, and count on 2: 4, 5.

    7 more practice items on the lesson page, and on Worksheet A and Worksheet B.

    • Writing a fact that uses a different number.

  6. Put up to 10 counters under a cup. Take some out and show them. Your child says how many are still hiding, then checks.

  7. Say this: “Tell me what you learned today. Show me with your hands or the counters if you like.”

    Listen for: See how adding and subtracting go together.; Write a fact family.

  8. Count back from 10 to 0 every day, then from 20 to 10.

Spread over the week

5 sessions of 15–20 minutes. Stop while it is still going well.

  1. Session 1. Warm-up, then teach the new idea (steps 1 and 2).
  2. Session 2. Warm-up again, then show how with the examples.
  3. Session 3. Practice together, then play the game.
  4. Session 4. More practice on the worksheet, and the daily habit.
  5. Session 5. Quick check: narration and a few practice items. Move on when it is mostly right.