Grade 10 College Vocabulary, Week 30

Definition: Overbearing pride evidenced by a superior manner toward inferiors.

From the reading: "Most people would have termed her a splendid woman of her age: and so she was, no doubt, physically speaking; but then there was an expression of almost insupportable haughtiness in her bearing and countenance." (Jane Eyre)

KJV link: "The lofty looks of man shall be humbled, and the haughtiness of men shall be bowed down, and the LORD alone shall be exalted in that day." (Isaiah 2:11)

Synonyms:

arrogance, hauteur, high-handedness

Antonyms:

(none exact)

Root:For hauteinness. (Webster, 1913)

Definition: To speak or shout at length in a wild, impassioned way.

From the reading: "Nay, an thou’lt mouth, I’ll rant as well as thou." (Hamlet)

Synonyms:

rave, rail, fulminate

Antonyms:

(none exact)

Root:Dutch randten, to talk foolishly.

Definition: The act of showing affection.

From the reading: "I wish to foster, not to blight—to earn gratitude, not to wring tears of blood—no, nor of brine: my harvest must be in smiles, in endearments, in sweet—That will do." (Jane Eyre)

Synonyms:

affection, fondness, tenderness

Antonyms:

(none exact)

Root:en-, to make + dear (Old English deore, precious) + -ment: an act that makes one dear.

Definition: A distinctive feature or characteristic, especially of the face.

From the reading: "She had been all animation with the game, and irritated pride did not lower the expression of her haughty lineaments." (Jane Eyre)

Synonyms:

quality, character, feature

Antonyms:

(none exact)

Root:Latin lineamentum, from linea line: compare French linéament. (Webster, 1913)

Definition: A state of extreme poverty or destitution.

From the reading: "It is a fine thing, reader, to be lifted in a moment from indigence to wealth—a very fine thing; but not a matter one can comprehend, or consequently enjoy, all at once." (Jane Eyre)

Synonyms:

need, penury, pauperism

Antonyms:

(none exact)

Root:Latin indigentia: compare French indigence. (Webster, 1913)

Definition: Coarse or irreverent joking.

From the reading: "Now, when any vicious simpleton excites my disgust by his paltry ribaldry, I cannot flatter myself that I am better than he: I am forced to confess that he and I are on a level." (Jane Eyre)

Synonyms:

vulgarity, coarseness, crudeness

Antonyms:

decorum

Root:Old English ribaldrie, ribaudrie, Old French ribalderie, ribauderie. (Webster, 1913)

Definition: Having or showing a lack of self-control; immoderate, especially in drink.

From the reading: "Bertha Mason, the true daughter of an infamous mother, dragged me through all the hideous and degrading agonies which must attend a man bound to a wife at once intemperate and unchaste." (Jane Eyre)

Synonyms:

immoderate, unrestrained, excessive

Antonyms:

temperate, moderate

Root:Latin intemperatus. (Webster, 1913)

Definition: A feeling of calmness; a quiet and undisturbed feeling; a disposition free from stress or emotion.

From the reading: "And so, under pretence of softening the previous outrage, of stroking and soothing me into placidity, you stick a sly penknife under my ear!" (Jane Eyre)

Synonyms:

placidness, repose, quiet

Antonyms:

(none exact)

Root:Latin placiditas: compare French placidité. (Webster, 1913)

Definition: Unable to be destroyed; lasting, as an indissoluble bond.

From the reading: "I knew by her stony eye—opaque to tenderness, indissoluble to tears—that she was resolved to consider me bad to the last; because to believe me good would give her no generous pleasure: only a sense of mortification." (Jane Eyre)

Synonyms:

permanent, lasting, unbreakable

Antonyms:

impermanent

Root:Latin indissolubilis: compare French indissoluble. (Webster, 1913)

Definition: Detrimental to health.

From the reading: "He would have let the house, but could find no tenant, in consequence of its ineligible and insalubrious site." (Jane Eyre)

Synonyms:

unhealthful, unhealthy, unwholesome

Antonyms:

wholesome

Root:Pref. in- not + salubrious: compare Latin insalubris, French insalubre. (Webster, 1913)

Definition: Out of proportion; not proportionate.

From the reading: "And try to restrain the disproportionate fervour with which you throw yourself into commonplace home pleasures." (Jane Eyre)

Synonyms:

disproportional, incommensurate

Antonyms:

proportionate, commensurate

Root:dis-, not + Latin proportio, from pro portione, according to the share: out of fit relation.

Definition: To flash or sparkle; to be brilliant in wit.

From the reading: "John said these words as he pronounced his sermons, with a quiet, deep voice; with an unflushed cheek, and a coruscating radiance of glance." (Jane Eyre)

Synonyms:

sparkle, scintillate

Antonyms:

(none exact)

Root:Latin coruscare to flash, vibrate. (Webster, 1913)

Definition: Abundant wealth.

From the reading: "They were under a yoke,—I could free them: they were scattered,—I could reunite them: the independence, the affluence which was mine, might be theirs too." (Jane Eyre)

Synonyms:

richness

Antonyms:

(none exact)

Root:French affluence, Latin affluentia, from affluens, present participle of affluere to flow to; ad + fluere to flow. (Webster, 1913)

Definition: A state of guilt.

From the reading: "No blame attached to me: I am as free from culpability as any one of you three." (Jane Eyre)

Synonyms:

blameworthiness, culpableness

Antonyms:

(none exact)

Root:Cf. French culpabilité. (Webster, 1913)

Definition: An unrestrained expression of emotion.

From the reading: "Good fortune opens the hand as well as the heart wonderfully; and to give somewhat when we have largely received, is but to afford a vent to the unusual ebullition of the sensations." (Jane Eyre)

Synonyms:

effusion, gush, outburst

Antonyms:

(none exact)

Root:French ébullition, Latin ebullitio, from ebullire. (Webster, 1913)

Definition: Promoting health; healthful; favorable to health of mind or body.

From the reading: "We passed a fortnight in these perambulations: my health and spirits had long been restored, and they gained additional strength from the salubrious air I breathed, the natural incidents of our progress, and the conversation of my friend." (Frankenstein)

Synonyms:

healthy, wholesome

Antonyms:

unwholesome

Root:Latin salubris, or saluber, from salus health; akin to salvus safe, sound, well. (Webster, 1913)

Definition: Sleep inducing; inducing mental lethargy.

From the reading: "Moreover, the linhay itself was full of very ancient cow dung; than which there is no balmier and more maiden soporific." (Lorna Doone)

Synonyms:

soporiferous, somniferous, somnific

Antonyms:

stimulative, interesting

Root:Latin sopor a heavy sleep (akin to somnus sleep) + facere to make. (Webster, 1913)

Definition: Having or showing sensitive insight.

Context (original sentence): A perceptive teacher noticed the boy's sorrow at once.

Synonyms:

insightful, discerning, astute

Antonyms:

obtuse, imperceptive

Root:Latin percipere, to seize, understand.

Definition: A bruise.

From the reading: "He unbuttoned the band of his right sleeve, and turning it back, exposed the blue-lined, calloused whiteness of his maimed arm, now vividly streaked with contusions, while in a series of circular dots the blood oozed slowly." (Freckles)

Synonyms:

bruise

Antonyms:

(none exact)

Root:Latin contusio: compare French contusion. (Webster, 1913)

Definition: A rejection of belief.

From the reading: "And he did not many mighty works there because of their unbelief." (Matthew 13:58)

Synonyms:

disbelief

Antonyms:

belief

Root:Pref. un- not + belief: compare Old English (Anglo-Saxon) ungeleáfa. (Webster, 1913)